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Fluoropolymers are a group of high performance plastics. They have almost universal chemical resistance and excellent heat resistance, low friction coefficient, high electric insulation and high service temperatures for continuous operation. Applications can be found in all processes, where stainless steel is not sufficiently corrosion resistant. Fluoropolymers are used in valves, pumps, pipes, heat exchangers and many other products. Operating limitations due to mechanical properties of fluoropolymers can be considerably extended by appropriate combinations with other materials (like steel, stainless steel, fiberglass, carbon fiber, peek,...) in composite components.
property standard unit PTFE PFA FEP ETFE PCTFE PVDF ECTFE
specific gravity ISO 1183 g/cm^3 2,14 - 2,19 2,12 - 2,17 2,12 - 2,17 1,71 - 1,78 2,10 - 2,16 1,75 - 1,78 1.67 - 1,70
max. service temperature °C 260 260 205 180 180 170 180
flammability not flammable not flammable not flammable not flammable not flammable not flammable not flammable
absorption of water (@23°C) % <0,05 <0,05 <0,05 <0,05 <0,05 <0,05 <0,05
melting point ASTM 2116 °C 327 300 - 310 253 - 282 265 - 275 185 - 210 165 - 178 240 - 247
coefficient of thermal expansion (lin.) DIN 52612 10^-5/K 10 - 16 10 - 16 10 - 14 8 - 12 4 - 8 4 - 18 4 - 8
heat conductivity (@23°C) W/K*m 0.23 0.22 0.2 0.23 0.19 0.17 0.15
specific heat (@23°C) kj/kg*K 1.01 1.09 1.17 1.95 0.92 1.38
oxygen index ASTM 2863 % >95 >95 >95 30 >95 43 60
tensile strength (@23°C) ISO 527 N/mm^2 29 - 39 27 - 32 19 - 25 36 - 48 31 - 42 38 - 50 41 - 54
tensile strength (@150°C) N/mm^2 14 - 20 15 - 21 4 - 6 8 - 12 1 - 2 7,5 - 10,5 3,5 - 4,5
yield stress (@23°C) ISO 527 N/mm^2 10 14 12 24 40 46 34
elongation at break (@23°C) ISO 527 % 200 - 500 300 250 - 300 200 - 500 80 - 250 20 - 250 200 - 300
modulus of elasticity (@23°C) ISO 527 N/mm2 400 - 800 650 350 - 700 500 - 1200 1000 - 1200 1200 - 1800 1200 - 1800
limiting bending stress (@23°C) ISO 178 N/mm2 18 - 20 15 25 - 30 52 - 63 55 50
Shore hardness DIN 53505 55 - 72 60 -65 55 - 60 63 - 75 70 - 90 73 - 85 70 - 80
permittivity at 100Hz IEC 60250 <2,1 <2,1 <2,1 2.6 2,3 - 2,8 2,3 - 2,6
volume resistivity IEC 60093 Ohm*cm >10^18 >10^18 >10^18 >10^16 >10^18 >10^15 >10^15
surface resistivity DIN 53482 Ohm >10^16 >10^16 >10^16 >10^14 >10^16 >10^13 >10^12
dielectric strength IEC 60243-2 KV/mm >40 >50 >50 >40 >40 >40 >40